Excessive application of NPK crop soil damage

Fertilizer is the essential product of crops, and fertilizer is the first choice for many crops. Appropriate application of chemical fertilizers has the effect of increasing crop yields. However, if fertilizers are used excessively, it will be counterproductive. It will not only harm the crops, but also cause the crisis. Therefore, the author used NPK as an example to illustrate the different types of hazards caused by over-fertilization, so as to guide readers.

Too much nitrogen supply retards crop growth and produces toxic nitrite

Nitrogen fertilizer is the most demanding fertilizer variety in agricultural production. It plays an important role in increasing crop yield and improving the quality of agricultural products. However, if the supply is too much, the crop will become greedy and late, and the growth period will be prolonged. The main reason is that the cell wall is thin and the plants are soft and susceptible to mechanical damage (lodging) and diseases (such as barley brown rust, wheat scab, rice brown spots disease). At the same time, large-scale application of nitrogen fertilizer will also make the cotton buds bells sparse and easy to fall off, beetroot root sugar production rate decreased, fiber crop yields decreased, fiber quality and so on.

Special attention should be paid to the fact that the “nitrogen-fermented vegetables” produced from the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers, whose edible parts such as stems and leaves, are all heavily contaminated with nitrates, causing the nitrate content in vegetables to increase exponentially, which in turn translates into nitrite. Nitrite is a highly toxic substance that can cause hypoxia in human cells and can cause cancer.

Excessive application of phosphorus caused soil defoliation and chlorosis in crops

The use of calcium phosphate phosphate can not only provide phosphorus nutrition to crops, but also make the crops get sulfur nutrition. However, due to its low phosphorus content and containing more by-products, calcium phosphate, which is often used as calcium phosphate, is commonly used in production. Heavy calcium phosphate does not contain impurities such as calcium sulfate, so that the content of phosphorus greatly increased, becoming a high concentration of phosphate fertilizer. Therefore, the problem of sulfur deficiency naturally occurs when calcium superphosphate is applied year-round.

The symptoms of crop sulfur deficiency are very similar to those of nitrogen deficiency. The main feature is the chlorotic chlorosis of leaves, but from the subtle manifestations, they are different. The symptom of nitrogen deficiency begins with the lower old leaf first, and the symptoms of sulfur deficiency start from the upper new leaf, resulting in greenish yellow leaves.

Therefore, in the cultivation of sulfur-loving crops, general-purpose calcium phosphates should be used, or alternate methods of calcium phosphate and calcium superphosphate should be adopted to reduce the occurrence of soil sulfur deficiency.

To excess potassium affects crop growth and destroys soil structure

Potassium fertilizer is a potassium nutrient fertilizer for plant growth. Appropriate application of potash fertilizer can make grains full, promote the increase of tubers such as potatoes and potatoes, increase the sugar content of fruits, increase the number of rice and wheat and other crops, and can The stem roots of plants are stout, not easy to lodging, and enhance drought resistance, cold resistance and disease resistance.

Although there are many benefits of potash, the amount is not as good as possible. Excessive application of potassium fertilizer will cause adverse effects on crops: excessive application of potash will cause crops to reduce the absorption of magnesium and calcium, causing leafy vegetables "rot disease", apple "bitter acne Diseases and other diseases occur; excessive use of potassium fertilizers will also hinder the growth of crops, resulting in crops prone to lodging and other symptoms; excessive use of potash fertilizer will cause some plots of harmful metals and harmful bacteria exceed standards, damage to the soil in the nutrition Structure and balance will lead to deterioration of soil properties and water pollution. Excessive application of potash fertilizer will also reduce the production of crops, severely reduce the production capacity of crops and reduce production.

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