Cultivation technology key:

(a) Select the cultivation season:

The bulbous mushroom has a wide range of mushrooming temperature. As long as the temperature of the cultivation place can be between 4-30°C, it can be used as a mushroom cultivation method. The use of natural season cultivation is a cultivation method of Stropharia capsula. Therefore, all localities should reasonably arrange the cultivation according to local conditions. period. In my county, generally from mid-September to the following March, sowing can be carried out, and the cultivation period of Altiplano Gaoshan District can be appropriately advanced, that is, from September to December and each season from December to June, with suitable sowing temperature at the beginning of autumn, mycelial growth. Fast, fruiting early, high yield, the peak of fruiting is expected to be around the Spring Festival, for the blue and green of urban and rural residents to add a beautiful flower.

(b) Selected cultivation materials:

The main raw material for cultivation of Stropharia capsici is straw. The selection of high-quality straw should be dry and full of mildew and golden color with a firm texture. Late rice straw has a long growing period. Straw stalks are coarser in texture and are used for the cultivation of Stropharia gigantea, producing longer mushrooms and higher yields. Before sowing, the straw must be soaked for two days and nights.

(c) Reasonable arrangement of cultivation sites:

The general requirements for cultivation of Stropharia bulbs are:

(1) It is advisable to choose a place near the water source, where drainage is convenient, and where water does not accumulate during the rainy season so as to ensure the normal growth of Stropharia.

(2) Choose fertile soil, rich in humus and loose loam. In the bed of bacteria, the loose loam containing humus is covered, which facilitates early mushrooming and increased yield.

(3) It is advisable to choose a place facing the south to shelter from the wind, and shade it. The giant oyster mushroom grows in a semi-shade environment and should not be used in low-lying and overcast areas. Intercropping Stropharia giganteus with adult mandarin oranges has achieved significant economic, ecological and social benefits. Stropharia and fruit trees have the following advantages:

(A) Binding of fruit bacteria will help increase land use efficiency and soil fertility. The site for cultivation of Stropharia bulbs needs fertile soil and a suitable shaded environment. To use adult citrus gardens to grow mushrooms, we must not use mushroom sheds or fertilized farmland. Moreover, it is convenient to take land, save labor, save the land, and build a mushroom bed on the citrus grove. The soil can be used to improve the cold-resistance and drought-resistance of citrus and reduce soil erosion. Second, it can provide organic fertilizer for fruit trees, increase soil organic matter content, and improve soil function. Third, the soil under citrus gardens is Stropharia. High-yield cultivation provides a good bed of bacteria, which is convenient for local conditions, local materials, mushrooms and waste materials can be returned directly to the garden.

(B) The combination of fruit germs is conducive to the rational use of light energy. The citrus tree is happy to create an ecological environment that shades and moisturizes the oyster mushrooms.

(D) regulate the construction of mushroom bed.

Under the citrus tree soil (70140cm), it should be loosened and turned into a turtle-shaped ridge. The straw should be discharged layer by layer, practical, bed height 25-30cm. Generally about 20-25kg of dried straw per m3 is needed. The haystack is built on the lotus root, and it is divided into two layers to receive the bacteria. The top layer is covered with fodder, and then the covered material, such as straw or old sacks, is kept moist. Each strain of cultivar (about 600-700 g) is used for each strain.

(five) grasping good mushroom bed management:

The control of temperature and humidity is the central link in the cultivation and management of Stropharia. Stropharia capsularis in the mycelium growth stage optimum temperature 22-28 °C (piling temperature). The moisture content of the culture material is 70-75%, and the relative humidity in the air is 85-90%. Therefore, in order to create an enabling environment for the recovery and growth of mycelium after sowing, appropriate control measures should be taken in the cultivation process according to the actual situation.

1, before the construction of the heap must be dried straw, soaked (dipping two days and nights), suck enough water. This is the key to ensuring that the bacteria bed maintains sufficient humidity. Within 20 days after inoculation, water is not sprayed directly. The bacterial bed should normally be kept moist to prevent it from being exposed to rain.

2. Appropriate amount of water spray for proper growth of mycelium. After 20 days of inoculation, water can be sprayed in an appropriate amount according to the actual situation. The principle is to use more than four weeks of spraying, less spray in the middle, light spray and ground spray.

3, control of reactor temperature, is the dominant factor affecting the growth of Stropharia mycelium. Under normal circumstances, one to two days after the reactor is built, the temperature of the reactor will rise slightly. It is generally required that the reactor temperature be 20-30°C, and the optimum temperature is about 25°C. The mycelium grows fast and is robust. If the stack temperature is too high, the upper part of the haystack should be turned over, or holes should be drilled. If the stack temperature is low, the insulation should be covered.

Under normal circumstances, 2-3 days after inoculation, you can see the bacillus whitish, a week can be seen to extend around the hyphae, hyphae white, and there are obvious branches, about a month or so, the mycelium can be basically long Through the culture material. About one month after inoculation, the bacterial bed should be fine-soiled, 2-3cm thick, on the one hand to promote the kinks of the mycelium, on the other hand, it is beneficial to the moisture retention in the heap. After the soil is reconstituted, the amount of water sprayed can be reduced. Under normal circumstances, mushrooms occur 50-70 days after sowing.

The management of fruiting body formation period: should do a good job of moisturizing and ventilation, the relative humidity is 90-95%, and it is necessary to check the water content in the pile, and after requiring the mycelium to go through the forage material, the straw will become light yellow and squeezed by hand. Tight training of food, there is a sense of softness, but also a sense of moisture, and sometimes there are sales of water droplets appear. The management process should not make the pile wet too much. At the same time, it should not make the straw too dry.

(6) Timely harvest:

The Stropharia sibirica fruit body, from the exposed white spot to mature, takes about 5-10 days. Mushrooms should be harvested before opening the umbrella and are of high quality. The entire growth period can receive 3-4 tidal mushrooms. Under normal circumstances, the second tidal volume is the highest. Under natural conditions in our province, the mushrooms can be grown from October to May to June of the following year. The optimum season for fruiting should be from late October to early December and from March to March.

Harvesting method: To achieve the harvest standard mushroom, with the thumb, index finger and middle finger, grasp the lower part of the big ball covered mushroom body, gently twist it, loose, and then lift up, do not loosen the surrounding mushroom, mining The mushrooms that are brought down can be sold on the market after removing the soil.

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