1. Reasonable grouping 2 feed Finishing pigs grow faster and must provide nutrient-rich full-rate feeds to meet the fast-growing requirements of pigs. 3 feeding timing, quantitative, qualitative Regular time refers to the time and frequency of feeding the pig every day. This will not only make the pig's life regular, but also conducive to the secretion of digestive juices and increase the pig's appetite and feed utilization. The number of feedings should be determined according to the specific feed. In the case of concentrates, feed 2 to 3 times a day, and farms with more roughage will increase 1 or 2 times a day. Summer nights are short and long, during the day, they can be fed once more, winter is short and long, and a night snack should be added. Feeding should be quantified, and do not neglect much, so as not to affect appetite and reduce feed digestibility. According to the appetite and growth stages of the pig, the amount of feed should be adjusted at any time. Each feed should be kept at 89%, so that the pig can maintain a strong appetite at each feeding. The type of feed and fine, coarse, and green ratios must be relatively stable and cannot be changed too much. When the feed is changed, it should be gradually carried out so that the pigs have a habit of adaptation and habits. This will help improve the pig’s appetite and digestion and utilization of feed. rate. 4 feeding methods Feeding methods Feeding methods can be divided into two types: free-feeding and limited-feeding. Free-feeding is good for daily weight gain, but pigs have more body fat and poor carcass quality. Restricted feeding can increase feed efficiency and lean body weight in pigs, but weight gain is not as fast as free-feeding. In general, free intake is high and there is more deposition fat. Feed utilization is low. The limited feed has high feed utilization rate, and the carcass backflies are thin, but the daily gain is lower. We can use pre-promoted post-control rearing method, that is, in the early stage (below 60KG), use the growth and development stages of the pig's main long lean meat, adopt the free-feeding method, and feed the Hanzhu brand 5612 or the hope brand 5012 piglet material to feed it. (above 60KG) The use of pig fat growth stage, the implementation of restricted feeding. 5 Feeding Management In order to obtain quicker weight gain with less feed in a short period of time, in addition to selecting piglets and formulating feeds and additives, scientific feeding and management must be carried out. ? 6 feeding times It is advisable to feed 2 or 3 times a day. During the finishing period of 20-90 KG, compared with the results of 2 and 3 feedings per day, feeding 3 times did not improve the daily weight gain and feed utilization ratio. The ratio of feeds fed 3 times was 35% in the morning and 25% at noon. 40% is appropriate in the evening. 8 pig house environment Pig house hygiene: There is a close relationship between pig house hygiene and disease prevention. It is necessary to do a good job in pig house cleaning and sanitation. Pighouses must persist in daily cleaning and remove excrement, urine and residual feed in a timely manner; starting from piglets, they should be trained to urinate and defecate. Pigs excrete urine like to find a wet place, when the pig enters the pen, clean out other places, and put the place where scheduled excrement urine water, the pig will be excreted in the place where the water is discharged. If the pig is not excreted at the intended place, it can place its dung shovel at a predetermined location, and the next time the pig is excreted, it can be discharged to a predetermined location. This guide for two or three days, will be able to drain away. Pigs develop the habit of “three-point positioningâ€, that is, eating, sleeping, and defecation and urine fixing. This will not only keep the pigsty clean and sanitary, but also contribute to the accumulation of soil and reduce the labor intensity of the breeder. The pigsty should be cleaned every day and the pig body must be brushed regularly. This will not only help reduce pig disease, but also increase the pig's daily gain and feed utilization. 9 Feeding density A reasonable breeding density will not only increase the income of the initial construction investment, but also avoid the occurrence of pig tail bite and increase the rate of weight gain. The pig's stocking density can be adjusted as the season changes. For example, in the cold season winter, one to two pigs can be stocked in each pen. In the hot summer, one to two pigs can be reduced, which can produce better results. Landrace pigs are aggressive and their density should not be too great. Weight (kg) 7.5-15 15-30 30-50 50-70 75-100 10 Deworming, deafness, castration, epidemic prevention In pigs, pre-fattening generally requires in vivo deworming and in-vitro deterrence and deworming of the young pigs. The extermination of parasites in the pigs can be achieved with drugs such as quebracholine and imidazole, and the ectoparasite can be treated with 2% solution of trichlorfon. And other drugs. After the castration, the sexual organs ceased to develop, sexual activity ceased, the pigs performed quietly, appetite increased, assimilation increased, fat deposition increased, daily gain increased by 7% to 10%, feed utilization increased, and meat was tender, Delicious, no smell. Deworming once before the fattening period can increase weight gain and feed utilization after deworming. In accordance with certain immunization procedures, regular disease prevention work should be carried out. Attention should be paid to epidemic monitoring and timely detection of the disease. 11, to prevent over-exercise fattening pigs and panic-thrilling pigs in the fattening process, should prevent excessive exercise, especially fierce fighting or catch-up, excessive exercise not only consumes energy in the body, but more serious is easy to make the pig suffer from a stress Syndrome, sudden emergence of paralysis, stiff limbs, severe pigs will cause death.
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The grouping technique should be based on the pig's breed, sex, weight, and eating conditions for reasonable grouping in order to ensure uniform pig growth and development. When grouping, they generally have the principle of “staying weak but not staying strong†and “joining nights togetherâ€. After a group has been raised for a period of time, they must be adjusted and grouped at any time.
The finishing pigs generally use group feeding, which can not only make full use of the building area and equipment of the pig house, increase the labor productivity and reduce the pig raising cost, but also can use the pigs to compete for food in the same tank, increase appetite and increase the effect of weight gain. When grouping, it is necessary to combine and nest, and the nest should be based on the characteristics of the pig's life. Generally kept in a fixed circle, each group of 10 to 20 is appropriate. When intensive rearing is carried out in the house, it is advisable to use 40 to 50 heads per group.
Diversification of diets The growth of pigs requires various nutrients. A single diet is often incomplete and cannot meet the requirements for growth and development of pigs. A variety of feed combinations can use the complementary functions of proteins and other nutrients to increase the digestibility and utilization of nutrients such as proteins. Studies have shown that a single corn feed has a protein utilization rate of 51% and a single meat and bone meal of 41%. If two corns are added together with a bone meal of meat and bone, the protein utilization rate can be increased to 61%.
Feed quality Feed quality not only affects pig weight gain and feed utilization but also affects carcass quality. Pigs are monogastric omnivores. The unsaturated fatty acids in the feed are deposited directly on the body fat, making the body fat of pigs soft, which is not conducive to long-term preservation. Therefore, it is necessary to use less unsaturated fatty acids for two months before the hog is released for market. Feed to prevent the production of soft grease.
Grasping the dilute consistency of the diet modulating the diet too thin not only affects the secretion of saliva, but also dilutes the gastric juice and affects the digestion of the feed. Feeding the thinners reduces the dry matter intake of pigs, while pigs increase urine output and consume body heat. Therefore, it is better to ration the diet and generally the ratio of water to water is 1:2 to 4. The winter should be thick enough, and the summer can be thinner.
1 Raw raw material is not heated because of no heating, the nutrients are not destroyed, so the use of raw materials to feed pigs is better than using clinker to feed pigs. It saves fuel for cooked feed, reduces feeding equipment, saves labor, and increases weight gain. , save feed. ?
2 Dry and wet feeding The feeding methods include dry feeding, thin feeding and dry and wet feeding. Different feeding methods have different effects on the digestion and absorption of pigs. Dry feeding is characterized by labor, easy to grasp the amount of feed, promote saliva secretion, the disadvantage is the loss of feed more. The advantage of dilute feeding is that it is beneficial to feeding, and the loss of feed is small. The disadvantage is that it is easy for the pig to form water, affect digestion and absorption, and the utilization of feed is not high, which is not conducive to the growth of pigs. The dry and wet feeding method is between dry feeding and thin feeding. The pigs eat more feed. The gastric juice can work well with the feed. The digestion and absorption are good, the utilization of the feed is improved, and the pig grows fast. ?
3 Timed quantification method: Feeding pigs must be provided for a certain number of times, for a certain period of time and in a certain quantity, and fed within the prescribed time. How to feed several times a day is appropriate, according to the specific circumstances of each household, the general piglets fed 6 times a day, the pigs 4-5 times, late in the finishing period of feeding 3 times a day; so that the pigs have enough time to sleep to reduce activities, Especially during the summer, feeding at the hottest noon time is beneficial to gain weight. The time between meals in a day should be equal. Keep the amount of feed and balance of each meal, not to make the pig have hunger, do not make the pig eat too much, generally feed 90% full. Feeding is best at 7-9 in the morning and evening. ?
4 Free-feeding method This method can make the pig's daily weight gain faster, the body's cockroach thicker and deposit more fat, saving feeding time and labor. If you want to increase your daily weight as much as possible, it is best to use the free-feeding method; if you want to get a good lean body, use regular quantitative feeding method is better. Pigs are allowed to feed freely in the early stage of growing and fattening, and regular quantitative feeding is used in the later period, so that the whole period of daily weight gain can be high without making the carcass fat too much, and at the same time, the feed conversion rate can be improved and the feed can be saved. ?
5 first fine green, less place Tim Tim: first feed the fine material to feed the green material, and less place Tim Tim. ?
7 Drinking water
To ensure that the pig can drink clean water at any time, it is best to give warm water in the winter and spring, and cool water in the summer. Keep water in the sink while feeding. Feeding 1KG of feed to pigs requires 2.5 to 3.0 KG of water to ensure proper digestion and metabolism. Another summer should increase the supply of drinking water. ?
Sufficient clean drinking water is an indispensable substance for regulating body temperature, digestion and absorption of feed nutrients, and residue excretion. Poor water quality can lead to many pathogens. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure sufficient water quantity and ensure water quality. In actual production, avoid using thinner materials instead of drinking water, otherwise it will cause unnecessary feed waste.
Temperature: The pig needs proper temperature for growth, and the suitable temperature for finishing pigs is 15-23°C. When the temperature is too high, finishing pigs will be restless, breathless, and reluctant to eat. When the temperature is too low, the finishing pigs will be crowded with each other and the feed intake will increase, not only the feed will be wasted, but also the weight of the pig will decrease.
When the cold and heatstroke prevention temperatures are too low, the heat energy used by the pig to maintain body temperature increases, causing the daily weight gain to decline. If the temperature is too high, the pig's appetite decreases, the metabolism increases, and the feed utilization rate also decreases. Therefore, we must do a good job in summer heatstroke work, increase the amount of drinking water, feed warm food in the winter, if necessary, build a warm circle.
Light: The light in the finishing pigsty should be dim so that the pig can be fully rested.
Ventilation: Maintain good ventilation and adequate ventilation. Fresh air is used to reduce the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide and prevent the occurrence of respiratory diseases such as serous pneumonia.
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Management points for grow-finishing pigs