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1 Division of different growth periods of black phoenix chicken According to the biology and growth characteristics of black phoenix chicken, black pheasant chickens can be divided into chicks (0 to 6 weeks old), broilers (7 to 25 weeks old), and chickens ( After 26 weeks of age) 3 different feeding and management stages.
2 Chicken rearing management
2.1 Preparations before brooding
2.1.1 Preparation of brooding sheds The brooding sheds should be thoroughly cleaned, then thoroughly sterilized with 2% to 3% flaming alkali, and then bred on the walls of the young shed with lime gouache; the amount of drinking fountains and feeding troughs should be sufficient. The 1% fire alkali solution was disinfected, and then washed and dried with water. The floor litter of the brooding house was required to be clean and clean. The brooding house was pre-heated for 2 days before hatching, and the temperature was maintained at 32° C. after feeding the chicken.
2.1.2 Preparation of Feed and Drugs Preparation of Newcastle disease, bursa of Fabricius, infectious bronchitis, egg drop syndrome, Marek’s disease, etc., and medicines for prevention and treatment of diseases such as chicken pupa, coccidia and E. coli before brooding In addition, during the brooding period, rats, cats, and cats are required to work well. The broiler house requires strict doors and windows, good heat insulation, dryness, hygiene, and moderate lightness, which is conducive to ventilation.
2.2 Selection and delivery of young chicks Young chicks should be free of deformities, lively and lively, with great eyes and eyes, loud, loud, well covered, shiny, moderate in size on the abdomen, sensitive to reaction, strong in standing, no traces of blood and inflammation in umbilical cord, cloacal cavity clean , No yellow and white fecal adhesions, full hand grip, struggling, etc.; black phoenix chicken is also a 21d hatching, after the feathers can be dry packed and transported, but the transport of cardboard boxes should not be too large, generally 50 ~ 60cm, width 30 ~ 40cm, install 80 ~ 100 chicks, a small number of holes in the box wall, in order to facilitate ventilation, transportation should pay attention to insulation, on the way to diligently check to prevent overheating, bored, frozen, squeezed, under pressure.
2.3 Brooding methods Black phoenix chickens have a variety of brooding methods, such as cage breeding, online brooding, ground-level raising, and fire brooding.
2.3.1 Brooding Temperature Black chicken has a smaller head than ordinary chickens, and has thin feathers and filiform feathers. The heat dissipation is fast. Therefore, the temperature required for brooding is higher than that of laying hens. The approximate requirements for the temperature are: 35 to 33°C in the first week, 32 to 31°C in the second week, and 2°C in the subsequent week until it is maintained at 24 to 23°C after 6 weeks of age, but what kind of temperature is actually supplied? Appropriate, depending on the state of the chicken, when the temperature is appropriate, the chicks are lively and active, appetite is strong, sleep is quiet, the sleeping position is stretched comfortably, the flock is evacuated and evenly prone.
2.3.2 Humidity
1 week old indoor relative humidity of 65% to 70%; from the second week after the indoor relative humidity to maintain 55% to 60% is appropriate.
2.3.3 Breeding density Suitable density for brooding period (only/square meter): 50 birds per square meter for 1 to 2 weeks; 30 birds per square meter for 3 to 5 weeks; 20 birds for 6 to 8 weeks Square meters.
2.3.4 Ventilation generally requires that the concentration of ammonia in the house is less than 20mg/L, hydrogen sulfide is less than 10mg/L, and the carbon dioxide content is below 0.5%. In the north, attention should be paid to solving the contradiction between ventilation and temperature, and special attention should be paid. Allow the air to enter directly, and the ventilation standard should be such that people do not feel boring and pungent and hot eyes in the house.
2.3.5 Illumination The chicks are usually exposed to light for 24 hours after hatching until the age of 3 days. After 3 days of age, they are exposed to light for 18 hours and then reduced by half an hour each week to gradually approach natural light.
2.3.6 After the chicks enter the house, they should drink water for 1~2h, and then feed them. The chicks should not drink cold water within 1 to 2 weeks. You can put the cold water in the chicken house before the pre-temperature and then drink. The drinking water must be Timely, must not cut off water, found that water should be changed in time after being contaminated by faeces.
2.3.7 Feeding When the chicks drink water, they find that one-third of the chickens can eat when they seek food. After the first 3 to 5 days after the start of eating, they can mix the whole dry powder with water and reach the ground. That is, scattered) sprinkled on the tray or non-toxic plastic cloth, until the feeding behavior can be transitioned to feed dry powder, 2 to 4 weeks of age to feed into the feed tank, feed to take less feed Tim, The principle of feeding 80% full, fed 6 to 7 times a day in the first week, 5 to 6 times after 1 week, with the shortened light time, gradually reducing the number of feeding.
2.3.8 Observe the work of the flock. Observing the flock is an important task in a day's work. Observe the flock dynamics at any time. Take appropriate measures to ensure the normal growth and development of the flock.
2.3.9 Formulating Scientific Immunity Programs for Diseases and Diseases During the 2 weeks of age, young chickens are advised to add drugs for preventing and treating chicken fleas in drinking water or feed; after 2 weeks of age, attention should be paid to the occurrence of chicken coccidiosis and preventive work should be done. In addition to this, immunization must be done. The immunization procedure is as follows: Marek's disease vaccine injection is given 24 hours after hatching, subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mL; 3 to 5 days old, 1st bursal vaccine dose or 2 times Drinking water, drinking water, it is best to add 0.1% skim milk powder to the water; 7 to 8 days of the first infectious bronchitis vaccine eye drops eye immunity or 2 times the amount of drinking water; 10 to 15 days old, the first Newcastle disease drops Nasal, eye immunity or 3 times the amount of drinking water; 18 to 20 days of age, the second immunization of the bursa of Fabricius; 20 to 25 days of age, the second immunization of infectious bronchitis; 35 to 40 days of age, contagious Laryngitis immunization; 3rd immunization of Newcastle disease virus IV from 50 to 55 days; Newcastle disease vaccine immunization at 70 to 75 days of age; Immunization of infectious laryngitis from 80 to 90 days; Integrated egg reduction from 120 to 140 days Immunization; immunization with Newcastle disease virus I was performed every 3-4 months after 150 days of age.
3 Breeding management during the breeding period
3.1 The temperature of the off-flask chicken is about 6 weeks old. All the fluff are replaced with silk hairs. The silk wool insulation performance is poor. Generally about 9 weeks old, the black chicken's thermoregulation capacity is improved. Warm, still warming in the evening.
3.2 Preparation for entering the rearing room Before entering the breeding room, disinfect the rearing room, feeding trough, and drinking fountain, prepare feed, litter, and medicine. Organize the manpower to select the group of chickens. The group size should be determined according to the size of the chicken. , strong and weak, male and female breeding separately.
3.3 Exercise and Density This period is an important period for long bones and muscles. To do this, we must provide enough activities to strengthen the movement of the chicken and obtain a healthy body. Under flat-raising conditions, the rearing densities of 9-13, 14-17, and 18-25 weeks were 15, 10, and 7 per square meter, respectively.
3.4 Strictly control the lighting time during light breeding period is usually 8 ~ 10h.
3.5 Limiting rearing and regularly weighing the weight of black phoenix chickens have a direct impact on future egg production. During this period, the energy and protein levels in the diet should be reduced, and the amount of bran and green feed should be appropriately increased to reduce the amount of concentrate. In the feed-restricting process, the number of feed troughs is required to be sufficient, the speed of the feed is fast, and each chicken is eaten well. At the same time, it is weighed regularly, requiring 750g for 90 days, 900g for 120 days, and 1100g for 150 days. 180 For ages up to 1250g, check every 10% for 2 weeks. If the weight is lower than the standard value, increase the amount of feeding or feeding, otherwise reduce the number of feeding.
3.6 It is necessary to do a good job inside and outside the environment and keep the environment quiet.
4 Feeding and Management of Adult Chickens This period must be scientifically bred, strict epidemic prevention to ensure the health of the flock and give full play to the genetic potential. If it is a kind of black phoenix chicken, 2% of imported fishmeal should be added to the feed in order to increase the egg production rate. Specific attention should be paid to the following points:
4.1 Before environmental chickens produce black phoenix chickens, they shall thoroughly clean and disinfect the broiler houses.
4.2 Transient group transit time is generally appropriate for 22-24 weeks of age, and one-time vaccination is completed before the group is transferred. When selecting a group, select only suitable body weights and healthy ones, and use light weights to avoid mechanical injuries and unnecessary deaths. When the group is transferred, increase the proportion of vitamins in the feed and add a certain amount of antibiotics. Improve anti-stress ability.
4.3 The temperature inside the house is best controlled at 16 to 21°C. If the temperature is too high or too low, the egg production performance will be reduced and the cost will increase. If the temperature is too high, it is easy to cause brooding.
4.4 Light Proper illumination has a close relationship with egg production. Generally, the illumination intensity of a 40W bulb with an area of ​​15 to 20 square meters is sufficient. The peak time of black phoenix chicken egg production required 16 hours daily. The lack of natural light is supplemented by artificial lighting.
4.5 Good hen-fighting work for black phoenix chickens Adult chickens have strong nesting characteristics. In order to increase egg production, they should be carefully observed during the breeding process. Freshly brooded chickens should be placed in a well-ventilated, brightly lit environment. So that they can quickly wake up, or immediately injected chicken testosterone propionate, the injection volume of 12.5mg/kg.
4.6 Records The various records of feeding and management should be done in order to sum up experience and raise chickens better.
Author: Bureau of Livestock Husbandry, Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province, China: Jilin Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine 2005.04
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1. Top sheet:non-woven fabric
2. Second layer:soft tissue
3. Third layer: wood pulp with SAP(Japan or China)
4. Forth layer: soft tissue
Size
weight/piece
SAP(g/pc)
Packing
30*40cm
18g
1.5g
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35g
3g
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60-75g
4g
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The test:
Breeding and Management Techniques of Chinese Black Phoenix Chicken in Different Periods
Chinese black chickens in different periods of feeding and management techniques Liu Fujun 2005-10-13 Chinese black phoenix chicken, black silky silky chicken, also known as Wufeng chicken. The chicken is one of the most promising breeds in China's special poultry breeding industry. Black chicken has a high nutritional and medicinal value. In the current domestic and foreign market competition, it has great potential for development. For this reason, the author now introduces the main points of the feeding and management techniques of the black chicken in different periods as follows.