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In recent years, as the price of traditional farmed fish has declined year after year, the aquaculture efficiency has decreased, while the wild fish such as light barbs have generally been sold at a price of 60-80 yuan/kg due to a reduction in the amount of resources and a relatively high breeding cost. Therefore, Guangdong, Fujian, and Guangxi in the south of China have gradually emerged light barbs, barbed aquaculture, and in recent years, some units in Guangdong Province have also introduced Chinese barbs for trials. However, light barbs, barbs, and Chinese barbs are aliases and common names, and they are often called different places. Even in some publications, there are sometimes confusions. The articles are tried for discussion by peers and are briefly introduced. Their biological characteristics and reproduction, breeding status.
Name form difference
1, the name of the difference between the light barbed? Do not name the thorn, the black ridge barbed, the common name Qing Juan, Suizhong stone donation, military fish, barley, bamboo sticks; barbed? Do not name the name of the barb, ordinary Name bamboo gossip, bamboo eight fish, bamboo grasshoppers, bamboo sticks; Chinese barb, the common name of green waves.
2, form difference
The difference between the light barb and the other two kinds of barb: The former does not branch on the dorsal root of the dorsal fin. The rays of the rays are soft and do not become hard thorns. The lateral line scales 20-26 have a cylindrical shape and the eyes have a bright yellow-white circle. While the latter dorsal fins are unbranched, the fins are stout and become hard thorns, the trailing edge is serrated, the body is slightly flat, and the lateral scales are 26 or more.
The difference between the barb and the Chinese barb: The origin of the dorsal fin is above the starting point of the pelvic fin, farther from the snout than the base of the caudal fin, and the scale of the lateral line is 26-30. The starting position of the dorsal fin is above the pelvic fin starting point, away from the kiss. The end is closer than the caudal fin base, the lateral line scales 28-32, from the upper corner of the sacral to the base of the pectoral fin, there is a slanting black bar.
Biological characteristics
1. Light barbs Light barbs are mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River in the Pearl River, Lancang River, Hainan, and Taiwan. It often inhabits small and medium-sized rivers with rapid water flow, clear water, and many gravels. It is a lively, good-natured, and omnivorous fish that favors animal feeding. It particularly likes eating small insects such as insects and cockroaches, and can eat artificial compound feed after domestication. The fish can grow to 100-200 grams in weight at the end of the year, and 2 winter fish can weigh up to 500 grams. During the breeding season, eggs are laid in batches from the beginning of May to the end of August. Mature age: The female is 3-4 years old, and the body weight is more than 0.6 kilograms under artificial breeding conditions; the male is 2-3 years old and weighs more than 0.5 kilograms.
2. Barbs? Barbs are mainly distributed in the Pearl River, Hainan Island and other water systems, inhabiting running water, and they mainly eat vegetative detritus and filamentous algae. After artificial domestication, eat complex feed. According to survey data from the Xijiang River in the Zhujiang River, the average body length for females is 203 mm in winter, 276 mm for 2nd instar fish, 337 mm for 3rd instar fish, 403 mm for 4 instar fish, and 456 mm for 5 instar fish. 2.5 kg, sexual maturity is 5 years old. The reproductive season is from April to June, producing floating eggs.
3. The Chinese barb? The Chinese barb is mainly distributed in the tributaries of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and lives in a flowing water environment. It is an omnivorous fish of the bottom. It constantly feeds on the algae, larvae of aquatic insects, and between the rocks. Aquatic higher plants, also eat vegetable leaves, cereals and so on. Therefore, recipes vary widely and are suitable for captivity. The initial sexual maturity of Chinese barbs is 2-3 years old. The male is 2 years old and has a body length of 22-24 cm. The female is 3 years old and has a body length of 26-30 cm. Oviposition in waters with a certain water velocity in rivers and streams.
Progress of artificial breeding
1. Light barbs The artificial breeding of light barbs has been successful. The test uses light barbs, natural fry, domestication of the fish into ponds in a pond, and simulation of light barbs. The gonads are matured; hormones for oxytocin use LRH-A, HCG and pituitary, dry artificial insemination is used for fertilization, hatching is performed by micro-flowing water, and fry cultivation is performed in earthen ponds and cement ponds, and the results of inducing rate, fertilization rate, hatching The rate and seedling rate reached 82.3, 87.4, 75% and 78%, respectively.
Light barbed breeding methods include cage culture, pond raising and polyculture.
Cage culture: stocking time is from March to April each year, cage size is (5-15) meters (5-10) meters (2-2.5) meters, stocking every year is 30-50 tail/m2, specifications 50- 100 grams / tail, feeding more than 32% of the pellet feed, management attention to keep the exchange of water inside and outside the cage open, the box dissolved oxygen is sufficient. After 7 months to 1 year of breeding, generally up to 500-800 grams / tail above the listed specifications, the survival rate of 90%, the bait coefficient of 2-3, the output value per square meter 600-1200 yuan, profit 400-800 yuan .
Main pond raising: Generally choose the ponds with good water quality, convenient irrigation and irrigation, and quiet environment. Put 500 seedlings per acre, specifications 50-100 g/tail, feed the pellets with a protein content of 32% mainly, and cast manure Worms, cockroaches, plant larvae and other bait, management should pay attention to the quality of fresh water, transparency 40-50 cm, dissolved oxygen 4 mg / liter or more. For 1 year of breeding, light barbs weigh up to 500 grams per head or more, yields 250-450 kilograms, output value is 1.3-2.3 million yuan, and profit is 0.8-15,000 yuan.
Mountain and pond polyculture: Shantang under normal circumstances, low stocking density, dissolved oxygen, suitable for mixed light barbs?, light barbs, polyculture density of 25-50 fish rearing per acre, specifications 50-100 g / tail, after 10-15 months of breeding, up to about 0.7 kg in body weight market specifications, per mu light barb? About 10 kg, an increase of about 600 yuan in income.
2, barbed?
Cage culture: According to Zhang Shuibo, in April 1997, barbs were placed in cages with a size of 2.5 meters, 2 meters, and 2 meters, with 750 seedlings, an average size of 80.3 grams per tail, and the feed was artificially matched. The feed was raised for about 250 days. The fish weighed 964.9 grams/tail, and the fish produced 488.725 kilograms. The net weight gain was 428.5 kilograms. The feed coefficient was 2.59, the survival rate was 98%, the production value was 6,1090.6 yuan, and the profit was 42,265 yuan.
Polyculture in the pond: According to Zhang Shuibo, in June 1996, 4-5 centimetres of barbs and 1500 fry were caught in two 500-square-meter squid rearing ponds (river catches), and they began to feed their eggs and feed them. Feed artificial feed, after one year of breeding, barb weight average weight of 575 grams / tail, per mu fish 6089 kilograms, 8.22 million yuan output value per hectare, profit of 6.55 million yuan per hectare.
3, Chinese barb?
China's barb? Artificial reproduction test was only reported by Xiong Dashou et al.: For broodstock with 4-5 years of age and weighing 1.5-2.0 kilograms, the oxytocic drugs, doses, and injection sites are similar to those of squid and squid. The bred bait uses egg yolk, plankton and concentrate feed. The article also reported on the embryonic development and juvenile development of the Chinese barb, but no reports of broodstock breeding have been reported.
The difference between three kinds of barbs and artificial breeding
Light barbs (Spinibarbus hollandi Oshime), barbs (Barbodese (Spinibarbus) denticulatus donticulatus, Barbodes (Spinibarbus) sinensis] belong to the genus Acridus, Polygonidae, and Barb, belonging to the river wild. Fish. The first two fishes are mainly distributed in the south of the Yangtze River and the latter are distributed in the Yangtze River.