Everything You Need To Know About LED Lighting
2.LED stands for light-emitting diode.
A diode is an electrical device or component with two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) through which electricity flows - characteristically in only one direction (in through the anode and out through the cathode). Diodes are generally made from semi-conductive materials such as silicon or selenium - substances that conduct electricity in some circumstances and not in others (e.g. at certain voltages, current levels, or light intensities).
2.It`s really simple actually, and very cheap to produce, which is why there was so much excitement when LED lights were first invented!
When a light-emitting diode (LED) has a voltage source connected with the positive side on the anode and the negative side on the cathode, current will flow (and light will be emitted, a condition known as forward bias). If the positive and negative ends of the voltage source were inversely connected (positive to the cathode and negative to the anode), current would not flow (a condition known as reverse bias). Forward bias allows current to flow through the LED and in so doing, emits light. Reverse bias prevents current from flowing through the LED (at least up until a certain point where it is unable to keep the current at bay - known as the peak inverse voltage - a point that if reached, will irreversibly damage the device).
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II. Guidance on Prevention and Control During the Three Summers period, it is a crucial period to prevent the spread of various diseases, weeds and pests, and control. In order to ensure the normal growth of spring corn seedlings, the summer maize seedlings will be homogeneous and strong, and combined with the weather forecast based on the number of pests and diseases, The following prevention advice.
(1) Choose disease-resistant varieties and do corn seed treatment.
In view of the frequent occurrence of diseases and insect pests in summer sowing maize in the region, the selection of resistant varieties such as spot disease, brown spot disease, sheath blight, Curvularia spp., and the rational distribution and implementation of seed coating are effective in preventing and controlling corn seedling blight. It is a simple and easy-to-follow measure for seedling pests such as head smut, smut, cultivating agrimony, ground pests, aphids, and thrips. All districts and counties should seize the key links for planting summer sowing maize in accordance with the characteristics of local diseases and pests, and do a good job in seed coating or seed chemical treatment. The high-quality seed coating agent is used, and the seed and the drug are coated at a ratio of 1:50. The parcel is evenly distributed, and insecticides and bactericides can also be used for seed dressing, which can reduce the damage of pests and diseases and ensure the emergence of a complete seedling and a strong seedling. seedling.
(B) timely control of weeds in corn fields.
Summer sowing maize can be used for chemical and weeding before and after corn sowing, and the soil can be closed with herbicides such as ethenyl mixture, and the glyphosate herbicide can be used for killing. Maize more weed grass plots, in the corn 5-7 leaf stage (weeds 2-3 leaf period), can choose Yu Nong Le stem and leaf herbicides to control, fresh corn should be carefully selected herbicides.
(3) Strengthen the monitoring of pests and diseases at the seedling stage of corn and guide prevention and control.
The first is to monitor the generation of corn borer for sweet, waxy corn and early sowing spring corn damage, insist on reducing the population base of a generation of insects, control the second generation of the damage prevention and control strategies, can be in the middle of the middle of the corn leaf, apply Bt granules for prevention and control, Or release Trichogramma to control, Trichogramma released 10,000 per acre.
The second is to strengthen inspection and control of the second-generation armyworm. For plots with more than 10 insects per square meter of wheat field, the amount of insecticides can be controlled by adding an appropriate amount of insecticide in combination with the weeding soil. The five plots should be controlled in time.
The third is the occurrence of corn seedling blight on the plot, field management should be strengthened, after the rain in time cultivating loose soil, the incidence of heavier land can use carbendazim, triadimefon and other agents for two consecutive spraying control, interval 5 days.
The fourth is that for corn larvae and thrips heavier damage to the plots, should use appropriate pesticides in a timely manner to prevent and control, to prevent the occurrence of corn leaf curling and yellowing of leaves.
The fifth is to investigate the eggs and larvae of farmland grasslands, eliminate farmland and surrounding weeds, and strive to control their damage before the third instar larvae and before they move into the farmland.
Sixth, do a good job in monitoring and prevention of locusts. For the occurrence of bandits in the region, monitoring and routine prevention and control in key areas (reservoir areas, mountain areas) should be strengthened. In late June, the focus of the area was to carry out a unified campaign to combat plague mainly based on biological control. At the same time, we strengthened the training of emergency response teams in the region, actively carried out the emergency stockpile and overhaul of pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, and other emergency supplies, and carried out emergency drills in key districts and counties.
LEDs are a simple invention with huge potential to change the lighting industry for the better. Don`t know much about them? Here are three big things you need to know to get your feet under you:
1.What Does LED Stand For?
2.A light-emitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electrical current passes through it. It is essentially the opposite of a photo-voltaic cell (a device that converts visible light into electrical current).
Did You Know? There is a similar device to an LED called an IRED (Infrared Emitting Diode). Instead of visible light, IRED devices emit IR energy when electrical current is run through them.
1.How Do LED Lights Work?
The p-type and n-type materials are created by introducing the original material to atoms of another element. These new atoms replace some of the previously existing atoms and in so doing, alter the physical and chemical structure. The p-type materials are created using elements (such as boron) that have less valence electrons than the intrinsic material (oftentimes silicon). The n-type materials are created using elements (such as phosphorus) that have more valence electrons that the intrinsic material (oftentimes silicon). The net effect is the creation of a p-n junction with interesting and useful properties for electronic applications. What those properties are exactly depends mostly on the external voltage applied to the circuit (if any) and the direction of current (i.e. which side, the p-type or the n-type, is connected to the positive terminal and which is connected to the negative terminal).
Application of the Technical Details to LED Lighting:
To strengthen the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds in summer sowing maize
I. Occurrence and trends of diseases and insects According to the investigation on the number of pests and diseases in the plant protection station, the average number of live larvae in corn after winter was 8.7, which was 52.9% and 60.9% lower than last year and the annual average respectively. Occurrence is light, with an area of ​​about 300,000 mu. The development progress is close to normal. The egg is in the mid-June. The second-generation armyworm occurs lightly. The area is about 600,000 mu. The larvae occur in mid-June. Maize seedlings Blight, aphids, and thrips partially occurred; corn field occurred moderately in weeds; local soil was light and occurred in an area of ​​about 80,000 acres; grasshoppers are currently under overwintering adults, but they are affected by adult development status and ecology. Affected by factors such as environment, temperature and humidity, it will lead to major changes in the area and degree of occurrence of generation larvae.