Grasp the law of temperature change and guarantee the cultivation effect of greenhouse

The southern greenhouses are generally unheated daylight greenhouses. The microclimate within the shed changes with the seasons and the weather. The temperature in the shed has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise, large temperature difference, drastic changes in sunny days, gentle changes in cloudy and rainy days, and uneven distribution. Temperature is the primary condition that determines whether a vegetable crop can grow well. Too high or too low is not conducive to vegetable growth. Grasping the law of temperature changes can better manage the greenhouse. Otherwise, there is often the phenomenon that greenhouse cultivation is less effective than exposure to the ground. This is the main reason why greenhouses in some places have not been rapidly promoted in production. Monthly temperature changes. In the southern region, greenhouses cover the period of heat preservation and cultivation is generally from October to June of the following year. The temperature in the greenhouse decreases with the decrease of the outside temperature and reaches the minimum in January and February. It then rises with the increase of the outside temperature. . From December to February of the following year, the temperature in the shelter is generally -1 to 15°C. Special attention should be paid to the insulation. However, the maximum temperature in the sunny hours can still reach 30°C or more. When sunrows are used, the shading nets should be used for shading. From February to March, the maximum temperature in the shed can reach 25-28°C, even higher, and the minimum temperature is 5-10°C. In late March to mid-April, care should be taken to prevent cold and cold, pay attention to insulation. From April to May, the temperature in the shed reaches 40-50°C, so it should be ventilated in time. Otherwise, sometimes the high temperature at noon will burn the vegetables in the shed. Normally until mid-to-late May, it can be transferred to open field cultivation. Summer cultivation from June to September, shady nets should be used to cool and moisturize shacks. From September to November, depending on the weather and shed crops, it is decided whether to cover the shed. In the first ten days of frost in early November, the roof should be covered. Daily temperature changes. The lowest temperature usually occurs in the early morning. After sunrise, the temperature of the shed increases with the increase of the sun's height, and it rises fastest from the 8th to the 10th. Under confined conditions, the average temperature can be increased by 5 to 8°C per hour, and sometimes even above 10°C. The highest temperature in the shed appeared before and after 13 o'clock, which was earlier than that of the open land. After 14 o'clock, the temperature dropped and fell by an average of 3 to 5 o C per hour. It fell fastest before sunset. Different weather temperature changes. The difference in maximum temperature inside and outside the greenhouse is greater on sunny days and smaller on cloudy days. For example, the maximum temperature inside and outside the greenhouse is 18.7°C, while in cloudy days it is only 6.6°C. The maximum temperature in greenhouses during the daytime has exceeded the optimum temperature for the growth of most vegetables, sometimes reaching more than 40°C. Prompt ventilation is an important measure in greenhouse cultivation. The minimum temperature in the greenhouse is generally higher than that outside the greenhouse. Under conditions of no-ventilation and thermal insulation during the night, the minimum temperature in the greenhouse is generally above 0°C. At this time, the minimum temperature outside the greenhouse is usually below 0°C. . "Paddy temperature reversal" phenomenon. In winter and early spring, there is sometimes a phenomenon that the minimum temperature in the shed is lower than the outside of the greenhouse for a short period of time, which is called "the temperature of the shed is reversed." Generally, it is easy to appear in sunny or cloudy weather at night, and often brings cold injury or even freezing injury to vegetable seedlings or already-planted vegetables. The production should be strictly prevented. Changes in ground temperature. The change of the ground temperature in the greenhouse is similar to the temperature. In autumn, the ground temperature gradually decreased, but it was slower than the temperature. Afterwards, as the temperature gradually decreased, the ground temperature also dropped. When the frost comes, the temperature drop is relatively slow. Even if the outside world has begun to freeze, the ground temperature in the greenhouse is still above 0 °C, generally above 5 °C. After the beginning of spring, temperatures continued to rise and the ground temperature gradually increased. In mid-February, the temperature of 10 cm soil layer is generally above 10°C, and cultivation of eggplant vegetables can be carried out in greenhouse cultivation. In March, the ground temperature continued to rise, generally reaching above 15°C. Almost all summer vegetables can be planted.

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