The key technology of sweet corn cultivation
First, preparation before sowing 1, drying seed: seed in the dormant state during storage, seed drying before sowing can break the dormancy of the seed, increase the seed germination rate and germination potential. The drying time should be 8 to 10 o'clock in the morning and 4 to 6 o'clock in the afternoon. 2, soaking: soaking with water for 12 to 24 hours. Spring corn is immersed for 24 hours and summer rice is immersed for 12 hours. In the soaking process, the water is changed once every 3-4 hours with clean water. 3. Disinfection: After soaking the seed, use 25% to sterilize 100-gram of emulsifiable concentrate 1000 to 1500 times for 3 to 4 hours to kill pathogens attached to the surface and inside of the seed. 4. Pregermination: Pre-soaked and disinfected seeds are wrapped with gauze (cotton cloth) and sprayed or replaced with fresh water every 2 to 3 hours until the germs are prominent. 2ml per kilogram of corn seed is suitable for sowing and seeding after seed dressing to prevent various diseases. 5. Coverage: Spring corn: Due to the low temperature, seedling nursery beds need to be incubated with low arch film insulation; Summer corn: Due to high temperatures and strong light, shading nets are required to shading. Second, soil preparation: The root system of corn is distributed in the 30-40 cm soil layer of the soil, requiring deep plowing of 30-40 cm. Sandy loam, rich in organic matter, is beneficial to the growth of corn. Third, timely sowing: The critical temperature of corn germination is 8 °C, spring corn soil temperature after the Spring Festival up to 10 ~ 12 °C can be sown, in order to increase the emergence rate, should be used to cover the film. Summer corn can be sown in July-September. In order to regulate the market supply, the sowing time can be adjusted in due course. 4. Isolate planting: Corn is a cross-pollination plant. It is very easy to change the quality of corn by pollination by other corn. Therefore, no matter which type of corn is planted, it is better to set up isolation plant. The isolation methods are as follows: 1) Separation belt, width Not less than 400 meters; 2) The sowing dates of different varieties are staggered with each other, so that the flowering period is staggered for 20 to 30 days; 3) the same maize variety is planted together; 4) The plastic film is used as the isolation barrier. Five, corn fertilization 1, Shizu base fertilizer: base fertilizer to organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, per acre Shijia manure 2000 kg + 20 kg of compound fertilizer with mixing. Requires n:p:k=1:0.7:1.3. This ratio needs 100 kg of urea, 250 kg of superphosphate (not to be replaced by calcium, magnesium, phosphorus), 110 kg of potassium chloride, plus trace elements of zinc sulfate 1.5- 2 kg, borax 1 ~ 1.5 kg, of which zinc sulfate and borax first with 25 to 50 kg of dry manure or pond mud mix and then mix with urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride, etc. can be used, with the use of , Long time potassium chloride urea water regain, but does not affect fertilizer efficiency. 2. Top dressing: sweet corn top dressing is divided into three times: (1) jointing stage tapping fertilizer: in the jointing stage of the maize, the top-dressing and tapping pole fertilizer has root and strong seedlings, which promotes the role of the leaf to grow the pole. Fertilization method: ditching 10~ 15 cm deep, after the cover soil, apply 30 to 40 pounds of compound fertilizer per acre, top-dressing sprayed humic acid calcium treasure 300 times + 0.1% borax; (2) Booting stage spike fertilizer: ear spikes When the 12th to 14th leaves of corn are differentiated, the vegetative growth is transferred to the reproductive growth period. It is very important to attack the fertilizer during this period. Each mu of self-contained compound fertilizer is 30 to 40 pounds, combined with irrigation, and (3) grain filling period. Fighting granule fertilizer: After the pollen is pollinated, the corn female flower becomes brown, and the corn enters the reproductive growth period. During this period, the top-dressing fertilizer is called attacking grain fertilizer, which can promote grain plumpness and increase grain weight. This period uses 300 times potassium humate and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Top dressing outside the roots is better. Planting density: It adopts wide and narrow rows for planting. The density of plant leaves is 4,000 to 4,500 plants per mu, and the plant species for leaf dispersal is 3,000 to 3,500 plants per mu.