Ornamental Dwarf Cherry Tomato Cultivation Technique
Cherry tomatoes have the characteristics of small fruit size, bright color, and good raw taste. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, their consumption has gradually increased. However, at present, all of the cherry tomato production uses infinite growth type varieties. Therefore, in order to increase the color varieties of cherry tomatoes in our district, increase the income of growers, and meet the needs of different consumers, our center introduced a suitable indoor environment in 2000. The ornamental dwarf cherry tomato varieties have achieved good results after two years of experiments and demonstrations. The cherry tomatoes used for indoor viewing have many differences in terms of cultivation techniques from the unlimited growth types. The main technical points are as follows: (1) Selection of varieties The cherry tomatoes introduced in our district are selected by Beijing Green Gold Blue Seedling Co., Ltd. Breeding dwarf cherry tomato cultivar - dwarf red bell. The cultivar is about 20cm tall. The fruit set begins from the 7th to the 8th. The fruit is spherical and red. The single fruit weight is 10-15g. The number of results per plant is up to 136. , an average of 109. The variety is precocious, and its heat resistance and disease resistance are stronger than ordinary tomatoes. (b) The mouthwash arrangement will be based on consideration of the supply of New Year's Day and New Year's markets. The sowing date will be arranged in mid-September and can be seeded in succession and listed in batches. (3) When seedlings are managed and seedlings are planted with dry seeds, the humidity of the seedbeds must not be too large, otherwise the bud rate will be affected. When sowing, the soil temperature is controlled at about 27°C. After budding after 4-5 days, the temperature drops to 20°C. Ventilation should be taken care of to prevent the plant type from being affected due to leggy. When the seedling grows out of the first true leaf, it moves to a nutrient solution with a diameter of 8-10 cm to promote flower bud differentiation. The seedling time is 55-65 days long. (D) basin soil configuration for easy transportation and suitable for the use of individual plant pot cultivation methods, potted soil nutrition requirements (transfer seedling soil and soil for planting) must be loose, breathable, and light weight, easy to move. The main components of the nutrient soil are: 80% peat (or Northeast pine soil) and 20% of loose garden soil not planted with solanaceous crops, plus NPK fertilizer compound per cubic meter in well-matched soil (15: 15:15) 5kg, mixed and mixed. If there is no peat and loose soil, it can be replaced by the waste (mainly cottonseed hull) used to grow edible fungi. The effect is also very good and the cost is lower. (5) Greenhouse cultivation Cherry cherry tomato plants shall be cultivated in the solar greenhouse in the early stage. Pots with a diameter of 20 cm or more shall be used for the flower pots, and the well-maturing seedlings shall be planted in the pots. Before planting, we should first make a 6m long and 1.2m wide broom in the solar greenhouse, dig 10cm below the broom, and place pots in the pots that have been planted on the pots. After each bun is filled, pour water from the lower part of the pots into the pots. The water slowly inhales from the lower part of the flowerpot until the nutrient soil in the flowerpot is completely wetted. The daytime air temperature after planting is maintained at 22-28°C, and the night temperature is not less than 9°C. Dwarf red bell is more resistant to drought, but not wet, more water, more fertilizer is easy to crack the fruit. The dwarf cherry tomatoes used for ornamental purposes have strong ability of flowering and fruit setting, so it is better not to use 2,4-D or anti-dropping agents to avoid causing deformity and affecting the ornamental effect. Under low temperature and low light conditions, artificial pollination can be assisted by vibration. Vibrational pollination can normalize and mature the seeds in the fruits. This not only ensures uniform and round fruits, but also prolongs the development cycle of the fruits and delays plant senescence. (6) Pest Control Dwarf red bells grow robustly, have strong resistance to disease, and do not develop disease in well-ventilated environment. The entire growth cycle can realize pesticide-free cultivation; the pests are mainly greenhouse whitefly and leaf miner, To prevent it, the greenhouse, the soil nut, and the flowerpot should be subjected to high-temperature stuffy shed or chemical treatment before planting to kill the eggs inside. (seven) adapt to exercise dwarf red bell cherry tomatoes generally about 50 days after colonization of the first ear fruit mature, when there are 4-5 fruit turns red, you can move into the home interior conservation. Since the average family has low humidity and weak light, it is necessary to reduce moisture, increase evaporation, and gradually perform 20%-30% shading treatment to enhance the adaptability of the human room after 7-10 days in the room. . Before the removal of the greenhouse, a layer of perlite can be placed on the surface of the pots, which not only improves the water retention but also enhances the aesthetic effect. (8) To watch cherry tomatoes grown into the room, remove the diseased and yellowed leaves in time to promote ventilation, and increase the light as much as possible under certain conditions to enhance the photosynthesis of the plants and prevent the occurrence of diseases. After the flowering results, the plants are easily tilted, and they can be supported by bamboo or steel wire to enhance the ornamental effect. During the indoor growth period, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer should be chased once every 25-35 days, about 1 g per plant per application. When watering, do not spray from the upper part of the plant. It is better to put the pots in the water at room temperature. Slowly inhale from the bottom. The dwarf cherry tomatoes cultivated by the above technical measures are robust, the leaves are hypertrophic, the fruits are beautiful, and they are both edible and suitable for viewing. At present, the wholesale price of each basin in Qingdao is about 5 yuan, and a greenhouse (470 square meters of cultivated area) can be planted with about 5,000 pots, equivalent to a revenue of 35,000 yuan per mu, and the economic benefits are considerable.